Transactions on Machine Intelligence 2821-1693 6 3 2023 10 01 Investigating the relations proposed for the dynamic impact factor in the railway (in terms of velocity parameter of the railway vehicle) 146 159 171387 10.47176/TMI.2023.146 EN M. H. Sayyadi Department of Railway Engineering and Transportation Planning, Faculty of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran A. M. Fereidoonfar Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Technical and Engineering, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran Journal Article 2023 05 07 Railway systems are subject to complex vertical dynamic forces, which arise due to the movement of trains and the presence of structural irregularities or defects within both the track infrastructure and rolling stock. Accurately evaluating these dynamic forces is crucial for ensuring the safety and longevity of railway components, yet the process is often time-consuming and computationally demanding when dynamic effects are fully considered. As a practical alternative in design applications, these forces are typically approximated as quasi-static. In this approach, the static load defined as the total weight of a vehicle divided by the number of wheels is adjusted by a dynamic impact factor to account for additional loads generated during motion. Various researchers and transportation authorities have proposed different formulas for calculating this impact factor, many of which incorporate the influence of train speed. Among the most commonly referenced models, Talbot's equation recommends conservative dynamic amplification at speeds exceeding 44 km/h, indicating a precautionary design strategy. Conversely, the formulation introduced by Mir Mohammad Sadeghi predicts the lowest dynamic load increases at speeds above 84 km/h, suggesting potential for more optimized design parameters. This comparative analysis underscores the importance of selecting an appropriate dynamic impact factor based on vehicle speed and operational conditions. https://www.tmachineintelligence.ir/article_171387_ce78f69fc27cd85529d8b5901ffd4d7d.pdf