Transactions on Machine Intelligence 2821-1693 8 2 2025 06 01 Dynamic Modeling of Power Systems in the Presence of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and Wind Turbines 80 90 244842 10.22034/tmi.2025.244842 EN Journal Article 2024 12 26 In this paper, the small-signal stability of a power system is investigated when a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) power plant and a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine operate in parallel with a synchronous generator in the power grid. First, a comprehensive mathematical model of the SOFC generator and the DFIG-based wind turbine integrated into a single-machine infinite-bus power system is developed. The derived mathematical models are then linearized. Based on the linearized model of the overall system, the Heffron–Phillips model corresponding to the proposed configuration is obtained, and subsequently, small-signal stability analysis of the power system is carried out. The results demonstrate that the presence of wind power generation and SOFC units may influence system stability both positively and negatively, depending on different system parameters and operating conditions.